Bioethics and Islamic Law: A Fiqh Review of Cloning Practices in the Modern World
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Abstract
Cloning has emerged as one of the most controversial breakthroughs in modern biotechnology, sparking widespread debate among scientists and religious scholars. This article examines the development of cloning from a historical perspective, tracing its evolution from early experiments to the latest technological achievements, and assesses its impact within the context of Islamic law. Through a multidisciplinary approach, this study combines historical analysis with Islamic ethical principles to understand how cloning technology interacts with Sharia regulations. In Islam, the creation of life is the exclusive prerogative of Allah, and any human intervention that approaches this process must be seriously considered from an ethical standpoint. This study reviews the views of Islamic scholars and relevant fatwas concerning cloning, as well as explores the differing opinions among Muslim scholars regarding the legality and morality of cloning, both in reproductive and therapeutic contexts. The analysis shows that while therapeutic cloning may be considered permissible under certain circumstances, reproductive cloning is generally viewed as conflicting with fundamental Islamic principles. Through this critical examination, the article makes a significant contribution to the ethical and legal discourse on cloning in Islam, offering valuable insights for scientists, theologians, and policymakers in navigating the moral challenges posed by biotechnological advancements. The article emphasizes the importance of maintaining a balance between scientific innovation and adherence to the core ethical norms of Islam.
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