Analisis Kaidah Ma'rifah Nakirah Dalam QS. Al-Fātiḥah: 6-7
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Abstract
This article examines the grammatical principles of ma'rifah (definiteness) and nakirah (indefiniteness) in Surah Al-Fātiḥah verses 6–7 through a linguistic exegesis (tafsīr lughawī) approach. The Qur'an, as an Arabic text, exhibits rich linguistic features, including the use of definite and indefinite nouns, which carry significant semantic and exegetical implications. This study employs a qualitative approach using a descriptive-analytical method based on classical and contemporary Qur'anic commentaries as well as Arabic grammar (nahwu) literature. Through grammatical and rhetorical (balāghah) analysis, the study finds that the use of the indefinite noun in the expression ṣirāṭa (صِرَاطَ) and the phrase ṣirāṭa al-ladhīna (صِرَاطَ الَّذِينَ) reflects a stylistic pattern rich in meaning. Likewise, the use of definiteness in the phrase al-ladhīna an‘amta ‘alayhim (الَّذِينَ أَنْعَمْتَ عَلَيْهِمْ) specifically identifies the group of people who have been blessed by Allah. The findings demonstrate that the selection of definite and indefinite forms in Surah Al-Fātiḥah is not merely a grammatical feature but also constitutes part of the Qur'an's linguistic inimitability (i‘jāz), reflecting the profound depth of its meaning.
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