Rekonstruksi Epistemologis Dan Praksis Siyasah Syar’iyyah: Dialektika Otoritas, Ijtihad Kolektif, Dan Kedaulatan Rakyat Dalam Tata Negara Islam ModernRekonstruksi Epistemologis Dan Praksis Siyasah Syar’iyyah: Dialektika Otoritas, Ijtihad Kolektif, Dan Kedaulatan Rakyat Dalam Tata Negara Islam Modern
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Abstract
Islamic Constitutional Law faces the challenges of the modern state, characterized by legal pluralism, democratization, and scientific advancement, requiring a methodological reconstruction while preserving the normative foundations of the Sharī‘ah. This study examines the reconstruction of Islamic Constitutional Law through the integration of ijtihād jamā‘ī (collective ijtihād), the reconstruction of ijmā‘, siyāsah shar‘iyyah, and the Maqāṣid al-Sharī‘ah framework in responding to contemporary constitutional challenges. The research employs a normative legal method using conceptual and statutory approaches. The findings reveal a shift from a formalistic to a substantive paradigm that positions the Sharī‘ah as the ethical foundation of state governance. The strengthening of collective ijtihād, the reconstruction of ijmā‘ within legislative processes, and the implementation of siyāsah shar‘iyyah in public policy enable the integration of Islamic values of justice (al-‘adl), public welfare (al-maṣlaḥah), and consultation (al-shūrā) into the national legal system without requiring the formal establishment of a religious state. This study proposes an adaptive, democratic, and maqāṣid-oriented epistemological framework for Islamic Constitutional Law.
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