Analisis Konsep Tolong-Menolong yang Zalim dan Dizalimi dalam QS. Al-Mā’idah ayat 2 Etika Sosial Islam Kontemporer: Studi Kasus Krisis Tenaga Kerja

Abstract

Oppressive acts in modern society are still widespread, one of which is seen in the phenomenon of unilateral termination of employment (PHK) without compensation. On the other hand, the concept of mutual assistance is often misinterpreted as blind group loyalty (‘ashabiyah). This study aims to analyze the concept of mutual assistance (ta‘āwun) from the perspective of Surah Al-Mā’idah verse 2 and the hadith concerning the command to help both the oppressor and the oppressed, as well as how their integration shapes Islamic social ethics in facing contemporary challenges. The method used is library research with a qualitative-descriptive approach that combines exegesis (tafsir), hadith study, historical (asbāb al-nuzūl), and sociological approaches. The results show that the true concept of ta‘āwun demands a two-way action mechanism: a reactive-defensive response to protect the victims of injustice (helping the oppressed) and a preventive-educational response to stop the perpetrator of injustice (helping the oppressor). When applied to the current mass layoff (PHK) crisis, this concept works horizontally through the provision of social safety nets and skills training (upskilling) for affected workers, as well as vertically through ethical-legal supervision to prevent arbitrary corporate management policies. Ta‘āwun is not merely a passive social assistance (charity), but an active instrument for enforcing structural justice and protecting human dignity in the modern era.