Epistemological Distinctions between the Living Qur'an Methodology and Hermeneutics: A Theoretical Study in Contemporary Tafsir Studies

Abstract

The dynamics of Qur’anic interpretation in the contemporary era have given rise to various methodologies, among which philosophical hermeneutics and the Living Qur’an emerge as two approaches that are frequently discussed yet rest upon different epistemological foundations and potentially generate tensions. This study aims to theoretically analyze the fundamental epistemological distinctions between the Living Qur’an methodology and philosophical hermeneutics in contemporary tafsir studies, to identify crucial points of divergence concerning the concepts of text, authority, and the role of the reader, and to contextualize these differences in order to prevent hermeneutical relativism that threatens the authority of revelation. Employing a qualitative approach with a library research design, this study analyzes primary and secondary literature using content analysis and critical reading techniques. The findings conclude that these two methodologies are paradoxical: philosophical hermeneutics is rooted in the secular Western tradition, viewing the text as a historical product with fluid and relative meanings, while the Living Qur’an arises from Islamic epistemology, perceiving the Qur’an as transcendent revelation (kalāmullāh) that is absolute, and studying its manifestation within the empirical practices of the Muslim community. The theoretical implication of this research is the enrichment of Qur’anic studies methodology by reaffirming its epistemological boundaries, whereas the practical implication is to provide a critical framework for academics and practitioners in choosing methodologies that do not erode the authority and sanctity of revelation.